External Controls: Policing Entries, Enforcing Exits

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract In this chapter, we provide an empirical critique of the conceptual frame debates on convergence and divergence among EU states regarding migration policies. The key assumption underlying such is that are essentially independent units, with their own admission control challenges. We suggest, contrary, policies in Western European should be considered as interdependent, yet politically segmented, system. test view by analysing two policy fields widely different terms history development, i.e., visa return policy. With regard to policies, systematic configuration emerges clearly. show that, over time, original Northern model controls has become accepted normative across all today, formalised New Common Visa Code. Existing differences between North South Europe have read light generally homogenous background. On harmonization cooperation practices always remained low. do not observe, however, evidence a North-South cleavage. Interestingly, process could define “converge” at play, since shown largely ineffective removing unauthorised TCNs from territories.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: IMISCOE research series

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['2364-4087', '2364-4095']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26002-5_2